Biosynthesis of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) and Nanoencapsulation of coffee extracts (Coffea arabica L.) to inhibit Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Resumen
Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a bacterium with multidrug-resistant strains to antibiotics; it currently represents a public and private hospital health problem due to its many resistance mechanisms against antibiotics. It also affects hospital and outpatient treatment with increased mortality and morbidity rates. Due to the abovementioned problems, nanoencapsulation of coffee extracts with chitosan is proposed as a therapeutic alternative. The coffee extract has a large number of phytochemical compounds (chlorogenic acid, caffeic acid, caffeine, among others), of which antioxidant and antimicrobial activity has been reported. In addition to the antimicrobial activity of chitosan, it is expected to enhance these effects and achieve a synergy to inhibit the bacterial growth of P. aeruginosa subsequently. It has been possible to nanoencapsulate coffee extract with two different molecular weights of chitosan (low and medium). The percentage of nanoencapsulation and the loading capacity have been quantified. Finally, we determined the optimal nanoencapsulation with coffee extract at 9 mg/mL and an inhibition of 95 to 99% in P. aeruginosa strains with low-weight nanoencapsulates and 90 to 95% with medium-weight nanoencapsulates after 48 hours and a MIC of 20% was determined for each CHINPC treatment.